Fissure and Fistula: Key Differences and Treatment Methods
Many people confuse fissure and fistula, as both cause discomfort in the anal region. However, these two are completely different medical conditions requiring specific treatment approaches. Knowing the difference helps you seek the right care at the right time and avoid complications.
At Dr Masal Hospital, Pune, under the guidance of Dr Priyanka Masal, patients receive advanced diagnosis and customized treatment plans for both fissure and fistula, ensuring long-term relief and faster recovery.
What Is an Anal Fissure?
An anal fissure is a small tear or crack in the lining of the anus that causes sharp pain and bleeding during bowel movements. It is one of the most common anorectal conditions seen in both men and women.
Anal Fissure Common Causes:
- Chronic constipation or passing hard stools
- Straining during bowel movements
- Childbirth-related trauma in women
- Poor hydration or low-fiber diet
Symptoms of Anal Fissure:
- Sharp pain while passing stools
- Fresh blood on toilet paper
- Burning sensation or itching around the anus
- A visible tear near the anal opening
Early detection and proper post-treatment care can help heal fissures naturally without surgery in most cases.
What Is an Anal Fistula?
A fistula is an abnormal tunnel that forms between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It usually develops after an anal abscess that did not heal completely.
Common Causes of Anal Fistula:
- Untreated abscess or infection in the anal glands
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Tuberculosis or trauma in rare cases
Symptoms of Anal Fistula:
- Persistent pus or fluid discharge near the anus
- Swelling and redness
- Pain that worsens while sitting or moving
- Fever or fatigue during infection
Fistulas rarely heal on their own and often require minor surgical procedures for complete treatment.
Key Differences Between Fissure and Fistula
Feature
Anal Fissure
Anal Fistula
Nature
Small tear in anal lining
Abnormal tunnel or tract
Pain
Sharp pain during motion
Continuous dull pain or discomfort
Discharge
Usually blood
Pus or fluid discharge
Healing
May heal with medication
Often needs surgery
Severity
Less severe
More complex condition
Treatment Methods at Dr Masal Hospital, Pune
For Fissure:
- Medication: Pain relievers, stool softeners, and topical ointments
- Dietary Advice: High-fiber foods and adequate water intake
- Lifestyle Modifications: Avoiding straining, regular exercise, and stress control
- Advanced Options: If chronic, minimally invasive procedures such as lateral sphincterotomy may be recommended
For Fistula:
- Fistulotomy: Surgical removal of the infected tract
- Laser Fistula Treatment: A modern, precise, and minimally invasive option with faster healing
- Seton Placement: Used for complex fistulas to allow gradual healing
At Dr Masal Hospital, advanced diagnostic tools and safe surgical techniques ensure patients experience minimal pain, low recurrence rates, and quick recovery.
When to Visit a Doctor
If you experience pain, bleeding, or pus discharge around the anal area, do not ignore it. Delaying treatment can worsen the infection and lead to complications.
Consult Dr Priyanka Masal, an experienced specialist at Dr Masal Hospital, Pune, for safe, effective, and lasting relief.
Final Word
Both fissure and fistula are treatable conditions — but they need timely attention and expert medical care. With modern surgical options, post-treatment guidance, and compassionate support, Dr Masal Hospital helps patients in Pune, Undri, and Pisoli overcome discomfort and regain normal, pain-free life quickly.